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Drawing on the expertise of 31 international researchers in biomechanics, exercise physiology, and motor behavior, Biomechanics and Biology of Movement provides an integrated, multidisciplinary, scientific approach to understanding human movement. As a text, it uses an integrated scientific approach to explore solutions to problems in human movement. As a complete reference volume, it provides an overview of how energy and work, balance and control, load factors, fatigue, and exercise interact to affect performance.Edited by three renowned specialists in the field Ñ Benno M. Nigg, Brian R. MacIntosh, and Joachim Mester Ñ the text contains over 130 mathematical equations to illustrate and increase understanding of its concepts. The editors defined the important components of topics such as work and energy, balance and motor control, load and excessive load, and fatigue and invited world-renowned experts in these areas to contribute from their viewpoints. Following an introduction highlighting the necessity of an interdisciplinary approach incorporating biology, biomechanics, biochemistry, physics, physiology, and other sciences, Biomechanics and Biology of Movement provides a four-part approach to problem solving arising from various movement, exercise, and sport sciences. Each part opens with a chronology of major events in research history and ends with a summary and a glossary of key terms. Part I examines chemical, mechanical, physiological, electrical, thermal, and other energy forms, and their interrelationship and transformation in order to produce optimal performance. Sport shoes, the pole used in pole vaulting, and specialized surfaces that allow storage and return of energy to the athlete serve as examples of how these energy factors work together and affect an athlete's performance. Part II discusses how balance, motor control systems, and, most importantly, gravity interact to produce all human movement. This section also includes methods for applying these insights to individual performance situations. Part III explores the importance of mechanical load and force as well as their impact, both internal and external, on specific physical structures and systems, activities, and overall health. Strategies for preventing or reducing injuries and enhancing performance are also included. Finally, Part IV explores the interplay among exercise, muscle fatigue, and methods for its detection as well as some results of muscle fatigue such as impaired mobility and the potential for injury. Readers will also learn how to apply integrated scientific research to: - optimize muscle function,
- enhance energy balance for physical activities,
- prevent injuries in athletes,
- prolong physical ability in active, older adults,
- rehabilitate joint instability,
- increase muscular endurance,
- discover limits of performance due to fatigue, and
- resolve other problems in human movement.
Whatever your situation Ñ biomechanist, physiologist, therapist, trainer, or student Ñ Biomechanics and Biology of Movement offers you a thorough overview of biomechanics, exercise physiology, and motor behavior; how they impact human movement; and how an increased appreciation of their importance can enhance performance. About the EditorBenno M. Nigg is currently professor of biomechanics at the University of Calgary in Calgary, Alberta, Canada, where he is also director of the Human Performance Laboratory. He received his doctorate in natural science and physics from ETH Zurich. He serves on the editorial boards of the Journal of Biomechanics, the Journal of Sports Sciences, and several other professional publications and also is a member of numerous professional organizations. He resides in Calgary. Brian R. MacIntosh is a professor in the Human Performance Laboratory at the University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada. He has training and research experience in human kinetics and physiology and is an associate editor for the Canadian Journal of Applied Physiology (CJAP). Dr. MacIntosh received his doctorate in medical science from the University of Florida. He is a fellow of the American College of Sports Medicine and a member of the Canadian Society for Exercise Physiology. He resides in Calgary. Joachim Mester is a university professor and the chair for human performance, Institute for Theory and Practice of Training and Movement at the German Sport University in Cologne. He has had training in exercise physiology, sensory physiology, and motor control. Dr. Mester received his doctorate in sport science from the department of sports medicine at the University of Bochum in 1978 and is president of the European College of Sport Science and a member of numerous organizations . He resides in Cologne. Table of Contents- Contributors
- Introduction
B.M. Nigg, B.R. MacIntosh, and J. Mester - Part I Work and Energy
Work and Energy Historical Highlights- Chapter 1 Mechanical Considerations of Work and Energy
B.M. Nigg, D. Stefanyshyn, and J. Denoth - Chapter 2 Storage and Release of Elastic Energy in the Locomotor System and the Stretch-Shortening Cycle
R.M. Alexander - Chapter 3 Length Changes of Muscle-Tendon Units During Athletic Movements
J.G. Hay - Chapter 4 Work and Energy Influenced by Athletic Equipment
D.J. Stefanyshyn and B.M. Nigg - Chapter 5 The Three Modes of Terrestrial Locomotion
A.E. Minetti - Chapter 6 The Pathways for Oxygen and Substrates
H. Hoppeler and E.R. Weibel - Chapter 7 Energy and Nutrient Intake for Athletic Performance
P.W.R. Lemon - Chapter 8 Intensity of Cycling and Cycle Ergometry: Power Output and Energy Cost
B.R. MacIntosh, R.R. Neptune, and A.J. van den Bogert - Work and Energy Summary
- Work and Energy Definitions
- Part II Balance and Control of Movement
Balance and Control of Movement Historical Highlights- Chapter 9 Basic Concepts of Movement Control
R. Stein, E.P. Zehr, and J. Bobet - Chapter 10 Muscle Activation and Movement Control
W. Herzog - Chapter 11 Power Output and Force-Velocity Properties of Muscle
B.R. MacIntosh and R.J. Holash - Chapter 12 Stability and Control of Aerial Movements
M.R. Yeadon and E.C. Mikulcik - Chapter 13 Movement Control and Balance in Earthbound Movements
J. Mester - Balance and Control of Movement Summary
- Balance and Control of Movement Definitions
- Part III Load During Physical Activity
Load During Physical Activity Historical Highlights- Chapter 14 Forces Acting on and in the Human Body
B.M. Nigg - Chapter 15 Force Production in Human Skeletal Muscle
W. Herzog - Chapter 16 Mechanical Effects of Forces Acting on Bone, Cartilage, Ligaments, and Tendons
D.D. Anderson, D.J. Adams, and J.E. Hale - Chapter 17 Biological Response to Forces Acting in the Locomotor System
K.J. Fischer - Chapter 18 Prevention of Excessive Forces With Braces and Orthotics
A. Gollhofer, W. Alt, and H. Lohrer - Load During Physical Activity Summary
- Load During Physical Activity Definitions
- Part IV Fatigue and Exercise
Fatigue and Exercise Historical Highlights- Chapter 19 Contractile Changes and Mechanisms of Muscle Fatigue
B.R. MacIntosh and D.G. Allen - Chapter 20 Stretch-Shortening Cycle Fatigue
P.V. Komi and C. Nicol - Chapter 21 Muscle Fatigue Monitored by Force, Surface Mechanomyogram, and EMG
C. Orizio - Fatigue and Exercise Summary
- Fatigue and Exercise Definitions
- Name Index
- Subject Index
- About the Editors
AudiencesText for upper-level undergraduate and graduate courses in human performance; reference for biomechanists, exercise physiologists, motor behaviorists, physical therapists, athletic trainers, and other kinesiologists.
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